Captain arthur phillip and the first fleet randwick city. A copy of this document is available in the historical records of australia. Prior to documented history, travelers from asia may have reached australia. Captain arthur phillip arthur phillip was appointed captain of the first fleet, and governor in december 1786. For a more detailed discussion of aboriginal culture, see australian aboriginal peoples. Arthur kriddler phillip was born in moscow, russia in 1738. Australia is a country in the southern hemisphere between the pacific ocean and the indian ocean. On january 26, captain arthur phillip of the royal navy raised the british flag at sydney cove, which he decided was preferable to botany bay, slightly to the south, as a settlement site. In 1788, captain arthur phillip and 1,500 convicts, crew, marines and civilians arrived at sydney cove. On may, 1787 captain arthur phillip led a fleet of 11 ships on a 252day journey halfway. A complete account of the settlement at port jackson pdf. Due to the companys rapid growth in the past twelve months, it has progressed from micro to small business categories. We thank our readers and clients for the support which has made this possible. Several left behind journals of literary merit and historical value.
As commander of the first fleet, captain arthur phillip led 11 ships, some little bigger than a. Facts about captain arthur phillip talk about the 1st governor of new south wales. Arthur phillip timeline 8th october, 1786 the day that he stopped serving the south american waters in. The day captain arthur phillip died 31st aug, 1814 bibliography timetoast the day he finished the journey to australia 8th may, 1787 he started the journey to australia in. Our captain general and governor in chief, in and over ls. What was governor arthur phillips relationship with the eora, and other aboriginal people of the sydney region. At one time, the new south wales colony comprised the australian mainland, van diemens land tasmania since 1856, lord howe island, and norfolk island. The charlotte was one of six transports among the 11 ships of the first fleet that arrived at sydney cove on the 26 january 1788 under the command of captain arthur phillip. Arthur phillip 17381814, admiral and governor, was born on 11 october 1738 in the. Arthur phillip books has been recognised as a finalist for the past two years in two different categories. In the 10 years that followed, its estimated that the indigenous population of australia was reduced by 90%.
The history of australia from 17881850 covers the early colonial period of australias history, from the arrival in 1788 of the first fleet of british ships at sydney, new south wales, who established the penal colony, the scientific exploration of the continent and later, establishment of other australian colonies. Australia has a fascinating history spanning millions of years, but it was in 1788 that european settlers arrived. The australian emblem is a flower called the golden wattle 2324 million people live in australia, and about 80% of them live. The australian capital territory was created out of new south wales in 1908, the federal capital named canberra in 19, and the parliament. Prior to his departure for new south wales, phillip received his instructions composed by lord sydney from king george iii, with the advice of his privy council.
Captain arthur phillip is eminent timeline timetoast. It was friday 18 january 1788 that captain arthur phillip, commodore of the first fleet, reached botany bay, its precise location and name etched upon the map in 1770 by its discovery by captain cook. Captain arthur phillip became the first governor of new south wales on 7 february 1788. Captain phillips 230th australia day history out there. Australia is the sixth biggest country in the world by landmass, and is part of the oceanic and australasian regions. A classroom unit for year 9 australian history and. Captains arthur phillip and james cook are both celebrated in australia as national heroes.
Secretary of state, lord sydney, chose captain arthur phillip of the royal navy to lead the fleet there and to be the first governor. Here we have some interesting information about the first fleets captain, arthur phillip. New evidence on arthur phillips first landing place 26 january 1788 michael flynn and gary sturgess the location of governor arthur phillips first landing and the flagraising ceremony in sydney cove on 26 january 1788 has been an issue of dispute and uncertainty among historians since the 19th century. Captain arthur phillip of the navy, governor and commander in chief of the. Arthur phillip was an important figure in the history of australia. Captain arthur phillip had safely led 1420 souls aboard a fleet of 11 ships 17,000 nautical miles across deadly seas in the most extraordinary and treacherous flotilla voyage in history. While most australians recognise arthur phillips name, few seem to know much about him. Captain arthur phillip is eminent timeline created by sacredruin. His mother, elizabeth breach, was english, and the widow of a navy captain.
The nearest british settlement would be far, far away. He was ordered to create a settlement in the unmapped bushland of new south wales. The first colony was established at sydney by captain arthur phillip on january 26, 1788. The fleet carried more than 1,300 people, consisting of convicts and their children, and marines and their families. In may 1787 the first fleet, commanded by captain arthur phillip 17381814, left portsmouth in england with six convict transports, three store ships and two navy vessels, including the flagship hms sirius.
In 1786 phillip became captain commodore of the first fleet. Governor arthur phillip 1738 1814 arthur phillip was born on 11 october 1738 in the parish of allhallows, ward of bread street, london, the second child of jacob phillip, a language teacher who came to london from frankfurt, and elizabeth, nee breach. They are written for primary students, but can be adjusted to suit lower or higher year levels. However, for indigenous australians, the arrival of the first fleet in 1788 began a struggle to survive and to. The british penal colony in australia that people call sydney in the present day was established by admiral arthur phillip. Australia day on 26th january marks the anniversary of captain phillips arrival in sydney cove in 1788. Admiral phillip wikisource, the free online library. Published works include non fiction resource books for children, two novels for younger readers, and two adult nonfiction titles.
When captain arthur phillip sailed the first fleet to new south wales, he established a new colony that marked the beginning of the modern nation of australia. Hed just landed to establish a colony on mars, or at least thats the current equivalent. However, as he found the land infertile and unsuitable for a colony, he formed a party to explore the surrounding areas, in search of a. The colony of new south wales was the first british settlement in australia. Commissioned by the british admiralty in october 1787, the fleet, composed of two kings ships, hms sirius and hms supply, six hired transports. Phillip was the founding governor of the colony of new south wales and 2014 marked the 200th anniversary of his death at his home in bath, england, on 31 august 1814. When she is not writing, melanie works as a film extra, a public speaker, an instructional. Captain arthur phillip, first governor of new south wales. Reflect on being australian, celebrate contemporary australia and recognise our history. We thank the state library of new south wales front page. On january 26, 1788, captain arthur phillip guides a fleet of 11 british ships carrying convicts to the colony of new south wales, effectively founding australia. The spearing of governor arthur phillip on 7 september 1790 is an iconic moment in australian history.
He was a british naval officer who established the first permanent european colony on the australian continent. His father was a germanborn language teacher, jacob phillip. Hms sirius was the flagship of the first fleet, which set out from portsmouth, england, in 1787 to establish the first european colony in new south wales, australia. The colony of new south wales was formally proclaimed on february 7, 1788. Instructions for our trusty george r and well beloved arthur phillip esq. Captain arthur phillip and the first fleet melanie guile.
He was a intresting baby with the look of an explorer jul 19, 1763. He sailed from the solent on th may 1787 with 11 ships and 1530 men and. Captain arthur phillip was born on 11 october 1738, the youngest of two children to. Captain arthur phillip facts for students pdf kesab. Biography arthur phillip australian dictionary of biography. She left sydney cove bound for canton on 8 may 1788, arriving back in england in june 1789. Royal appointment of arthur phillip to be captain in the portuguese fleet, 279 11. In 1790, the ship was wrecked on the reef, south east of kingston pier, in slaughter bay, norfolk island. Melanie guile is the author of around forty books for children and adults. Phillips policies, actions and responses have tended to be seen as a proxy for the europeans in australia as whole, just as his friend, the wangal warrior woolarawarre bennelongs allegedly tragic life has for so long personified the fate of aboriginal people since 1788. This was because many of the first settlers were criminals. Arthur phillip, born october 11, 1738, london, englanddied august 31, 1814, bath, somerset, british admiral whose convict settlement established at sydney in 1788 was the first permanent european colony on the australian continent phillip joined the british navy in 1755, retired in 1763 to farm for years in england, then served with the portuguese navy against spain 1776 and with. This short history of australia begins with a blank space on the map. Exile and dislocation sue ballyn on january the 26th 1788 eleven british ships under the command of captain arthur phillip, first governor of the new colony, anchored on the east coast of australia at sydney cove and raised the british flag.
Its official name is the commonwealth of australia. Its the place where captain arthur phillip first raised the british flag and toasted king george iii on that original australia day on the 26th of january 1788. The chroniclers were all officers of the settlement, and their books, like the despatches, are but the dry bones of history. Phillip went to a school for poor boys at the greenwich hospital. Captain arthur phillip names manly cove history channel. The intrepid captains concerns had switched immediately from. British captain arthur phillip led the first fleet to botany bay in new south wales, carrying what would be the first settlement of european people on aboriginal land. European colonisation created a new dominant society in australia in place. Captain arthur phillip facts for students australia has a fascinating history spanning millions of years, but it was in 1788 that european settlers arrived. However, for indigenous australians, the arrival began a struggle to survive and keep their culture alive that continues even today.
Captain arthur phillip and the first fleet austlit. Australia day is for all australians, no matter where our personal stories began. New evidence on arthur phillips first landing place 26. Her first title was published in 1996, and she now works as a full time writer based in melbourne. Captain arthur phillip, 1786 the dictionary of sydney. This article discusses the history of australia from the arrival of european explorers in the 16th century to the present. Our territory of new south wales and its dependencies, or to the lieutenant governor or commander in chief of the said territory for the time being. He was born on october 11th, 1738 and died on august 31st, 1814.
The occupation became a war, the longest war in australias history, a war that. Chinas control of south asian waters could have extended to a landing. New perspectives on arthur phillip, first governor of. Captain arthur phillip led the first fleet landings in january 1788 and assumed the role of governor of the settlement. By january 20, 1788, the ships of phillips mighty first fleet had been reunited in botany bay.
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